Surgery Pathways

Alvarado score, investigation pathway, and management including laparoscopic appendicectomy

Tokyo guidelines — severity grading, antibiotic selection, and timing of cholecystectomy

Assessment and management of SBO — conservative vs surgical decision

AAA screening, surveillance intervals, and elective vs emergency repair thresholds

Rutherford classification and emergency management of acute limb ischaemia

CT-guided assessment distinguishing volvulus from malignant LBO — stenting vs emergency surgery

Hinchey classification, CT-guided management, and percutaneous vs surgical approach to complicated diverticulitis

Erect CXR, CT confirmation, Taylor conservative method vs emergency laparoscopic repair of PPU

CT angiography-guided diagnosis and revascularisation vs resection decision in acute mesenteric ischaemia

LRINEC score, emergency surgical debridement, and ICU management of necrotising soft tissue infection

Faecal Peritonitis clinical pathway.

Acute Compartment Syndrome clinical pathway.

BSG / IAP — diagnosis (2 of 3 criteria), Glasgow / APACHE-II severity, supportive care, ERCP for cholangitis, ICU for severe.

Watch-and-wait vs surgical repair; recognise strangulation; open vs laparoscopic; mesh considerations.

Recognise + classify (perianal, ischiorectal, intersphincteric, supralevator); urgent surgical drainage; antibiotics in selected; investigate fistula.

Recognise acute abscess (drainage) + chronic sinus (excision options), prevent recurrence with hygiene + hair removal.

Recognise early (leak, bleed, VTE) + late (dumping, hypoglycaemia, nutritional deficiency, internal hernia, marginal ulcer); refer specialist centre.

Recognise vs SBO, exclude electrolyte / drug / infection causes, supportive care, ERAS prevention.

NICE NG125 — prevention bundle, classify (superficial/deep/organ-space), antibiotic stewardship, source control.

Risk-balance bleeding vs thrombosis; warfarin bridging strategies; DOAC interruption; antiplatelet decisions.

Recognise superficial vs deep dehiscence (burst abdomen); cover bowel + immediate theatre; prevent + treat risk factors.

Recognise (especially day 5–7), CT diagnosis, source control (re-laparotomy / drainage / endoluminal), aggressive resuscitation.

NICE NG89 — risk-stratify all surgical inpatients, mechanical + pharmacological prophylaxis, extended duration in selected.

Concept of staged surgery for severely unstable trauma / surgical patient — control bleeding + contamination, defer definitive repair, ICU resuscitation, planned re-look.