ENT Pathways

First-line management of anterior and posterior nosebleed including packing and cautery

Antibiotic vs watchful waiting decision for AOM in children and adults using NICE criteria

FeverPAIN/Centor score-guided antibiotic decision and tonsillectomy criteria for recurrent tonsillitis

Dix-Hallpike diagnosis, canal identification, and Epley manoeuvre for BPPV

NICE criteria for antibiotic use in acute sinusitis and indication for ENT referral in chronic disease

Recognition, IV antibiotics, and aspiration vs surgical drainage of peritonsillar abscess

Conductive vs sensorineural hearing loss differentiation, red flags, and referral criteria

≥30 dB loss across 3 contiguous frequencies within 72h — refer ENT urgently, oral steroids ± intratympanic, audiology + MRI.

Distinguish acute (topical) from severe / necrotising (IV antibiotics, hospital).

Distinguish Bell's (idiopathic LMN) from secondary; oral steroid + eye protection.

Distinguish peripheral (BPPV, vestibular neuritis, Ménière's) from central (stroke, MS); HINTS exam.

Differentiate sialolithiasis, sialadenitis, tumour; conservative + surgical management.

NTSP green/red algorithms — partial vs complete obstruction, displacement, bleed.

Sensation of lump in throat without dysphagia; exclude red flags; reassurance + LPR / GORD treatment.

Distinguish subjective (most) from objective; workup; sound therapy + CBT; address contributing factors.

Inspiratory / biphasic stridor in adult — urgent ENT + anaesthetic; identify cause.

Site-specific approach; button battery = emergency; specialist removal for impacted / posterior nasal.

Persistent hoarseness >3 weeks needs nasendoscopy; differentiate functional / structural / neurological.

NICE NG176 — watchful waiting 6–12 weeks, hearing assessment, grommets / hearing aids for persistent + bilateral.