Trifluridine with tipiracil (Specialist drug)
Brand names: Lonsurf
Trifluridine with tipiracil is an oral cytotoxic combination used under specialist supervision for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer and metastatic gastric cancer.
Adult dose
Dose adjustments
Mild (CrCl 60–89 mL/min) or moderate (CrCl 30–59 mL/min) renal impairment: no adjustment of the starting dose. Severe renal impairment (CrCl 15–29 mL/min): recommended starting dose 20 mg/m² twice daily, with one reduction to a minimum of 15 mg/m² twice daily permitted. End-stage renal disease (CrCl below 15 mL/min or requiring dialysis): administration is not recommended as no data are available.
Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC; US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to the active substances or to any of the excipients (§4.3)
Side effects
- Neutropenia (53% on monotherapy, 34% ≥ Grade 3; 69% with bevacizumab, 48% ≥ Grade 3) — bone marrow suppression is one of the two most serious reactions
- Nausea (31% monotherapy; 33% with bevacizumab)
- Fatigue (31% monotherapy; 35% with bevacizumab)
- Anaemia (30%, 11% ≥ Grade 3)
- Gastrointestinal toxicity — vomiting and diarrhoea; also leukopenia, thrombocytopenia (16% monotherapy, 24% with bevacizumab) and stomatitis; serious infections have been reported, mostly in the context of bone marrow suppression
Clinical monograph
How it works
Trifluridine is incorporated into DNA to disrupt its function, while tipiracil inhibits thymidine phosphorylase to prevent trifluridine breakdown and maintain its levels.
Prescribing in practice
- Myelosuppression, particularly neutropenia, is the principal toxicity and requires blood count checks before and during each cycle.
- It is a specialist oral chemotherapy and dosing is by body surface area as detailed in the SPC.
- Gastrointestinal toxicity and fatigue are common and may require dose modification.
Monitoring
Monitor full blood count before each cycle and as clinically indicated during treatment.
Counselling the patient
- Report fever or signs of infection promptly during the low-blood-count period.
- Handle the tablets as directed and follow safe handling advice for cytotoxic medicines.
- Effective contraception is advised during and after treatment.
Evidence & guidelines
Benefit in refractory colorectal cancer is established by the RECOURSE trial and supported by NICE guidance.
Reference: NICE TA405/TA669; SmPC; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).
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