Eculizumab
Brand names: Soliris
Eculizumab is a humanised monoclonal antibody (terminal complement inhibitor) used in nephrology to treat atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome and is also licensed for paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.
Adult dose
Dose adjustments
No dose adjustment is required for patients with renal impairment (section 4.2, referring to section 5.2). Note that supplemental doses ARE required with concomitant plasmapheresis, plasma exchange or fresh frozen plasma infusion, and with IVIg — see the supplemental dosing tables in the notes.
Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC; US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to eculizumab or to any of the excipients
- Babies and young children below 2 years of age — they may not yet be diagnosed with hereditary fructose intolerance, and medicines containing sorbitol/fructose given intravenously may be life-threatening in this population
- Must not be initiated in patients with unresolved Neisseria meningitidis infection
- Must not be initiated in patients who are not currently vaccinated against Neisseria meningitidis, unless they receive prophylactic antibiotics until 2 weeks after vaccination
Side effects
- Meningococcal infection — the most serious adverse reaction (listed as common); vaccination against Neisseria meningitidis is required before initiation (see contraindications)
- Headache — the most common adverse reaction, occurring mostly in the initial phase of dosing (very common)
- Infections (very common): pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, nasopharyngitis, urinary tract infection, oral herpes. Common: sepsis, septic shock, peritonitis, lower respiratory tract infection, fungal and viral infections, cellulitis, influenza, cystitis, sinusitis
- Blood and lymphatic (very common): leucopenia, anaemia; common thrombocytopenia and lymphopenia; uncommon haemolysis, abnormal clotting factor, coagulopathy
- Anaphylactic reaction and hypersensitivity (common); vascular: hypertension (common), accelerated hypertension and hypotension (uncommon)
- NOTE: the section 4.8 table was truncated at the source-fetch limit, so this list is not the complete adverse-reaction table
Interactions
- US label section 7.1 — plasmapheresis, plasma exchange, fresh frozen plasma infusion, or IVIg: concomitant use can reduce serum eculizumab concentrations and requires a supplemental dose (see the supplemental dosing tables in the notes)
- US label section 7.2 — neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) blockers: concomitant use may lower systemic exposure and reduce effectiveness; closely monitor for reduced effectiveness
- eMC section 4.5 was not captured in the source bundle and must be checked on the SPC
Clinical monograph
How it works
It binds complement protein C5, preventing its cleavage to C5a and C5b and thereby blocking formation of the terminal membrane attack complex and complement-mediated cell injury.
Prescribing in practice
- By blocking terminal complement it markedly increases susceptibility to meningococcal disease; vaccinate against Neisseria meningitidis before starting (with antibiotic cover if treatment cannot wait) and counsel on urgent action for fever.
- Patients should carry a safety card; the risk of meningococcal and other encapsulated-organism infection persists throughout treatment.
- It is a high-cost biologic given by intravenous infusion and prescribed within specialist commissioned pathways.
Monitoring
Monitor for signs of infection (especially meningococcal) and haematological and renal response to treatment.
Counselling the patient
- You must be vaccinated against meningococcus and carry your patient safety card at all times.
- Seek emergency medical care immediately for fever, severe headache, neck stiffness or a rash.
- Do not miss scheduled infusions, as the disease can relapse.
Evidence & guidelines
Eculizumab is the established complement-inhibiting therapy for atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome and is recommended within specialist commissioning, with mandatory meningococcal risk-mitigation reflected in MHRA guidance.
Reference: Legendre et al. NEJM 2013 (aHUS); NICE HST1 (eculizumab aHUS); SPC Soliris; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).
Related
Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.
- Rate-Pressure Product (RPP) · Haemodynamics
- DAPT Score · Coronary Artery Disease
- Mehran Score for Post-PCI Contrast Nephropathy · Coronary Artery Disease
- Aortic Dissection Detection Risk Score (ADD-RS) · Aortic Disease
- RoPE Score for Patent Foramen Ovale · Structural Heart Disease
- Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) Angina Grading · Coronary Artery Disease
- Hyperkalaemia Management · UK Kidney Association Guidelines 2020; NICE CKD Guidelines
- Rhabdomyolysis · Renal Association 2018; UpToDate 2024
- Hypocalcaemia (Adult) · Society for Endocrinology
- SIADH (Endocrine Perspective) · European Hyponatraemia Guidelines 2014
- Hepatorenal Syndrome · EASL 2018; ICA 2015
- Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) · KDIGO 2012 / NICE AKI 2019