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Atypical HUS / Complement-Mediated Disease Pregnancy: Adequate contraception to prevent pregnancy, continued for at least 5 months after the last dose, should be considered for women of childbearing potential. There are no well-controlled studies in pregnant women; data on fewer than 300 pregnancy outcomes indicate no increased risk of foetal malformation or foetal-neonatal toxicity, but uncertainties remain, so an individual risk-benefit analysis is recommended before starting and during treatment in pregnancy, with close maternal and foetal monitoring per local guidelines if treatment is considered necessary. Human IgG crosses the placenta, so eculizumab may potentially cause terminal complement inhibition in the foetal circulation; it should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed. Breast-feeding: no effects on the breastfed infant are anticipated as limited data suggest eculizumab is not excreted in human breast milk, but the benefits of breast-feeding should be weighed against the mother's clinical need. Fertility: no specific study has been conducted.

Eculizumab

Brand names: Soliris

Eculizumab is a humanised monoclonal antibody (terminal complement inhibitor) used in nephrology to treat atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome and is also licensed for paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.

Auto-extracted from the source labelling — not yet independently clinician-verified. These values were distilled from the UK SPC (or the US label where noted) but have not had a clinician sign-off. Confirm against the current SmPC before prescribing.

Adult dose

Dose: Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS), adults 18 years and over — initial phase: 900 mg weekly for the first 4 weeks; maintenance phase: 1,200 mg for the fifth week, then 1,200 mg thereafter
Route: Intravenous infusion over 25 - 45 minutes (35 minutes plus or minus 10 minutes) in adults, via gravity feed, syringe-type pump or infusion pump. Must NOT be given as an intravenous push or bolus injection
Frequency: Initial phase every week for 4 weeks; maintenance dose at week 5 and then every 14 plus or minus 2 days
Source: UK SPC (eMC) for BEKEMV 300 mg concentrate for solution for infusion, section 4.2 (https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/15378/smpc). The aHUS regimen is quoted above as the renal-relevant indication. SEPARATE INDICATION — PNH IN ADULTS (different doses, do NOT mix with the aHUS regimen): initial phase 600 mg IV weekly for the first 4 weeks; maintenance phase 900 mg for the fifth week, then 900 mg every 14 plus or minus 2 days. SUPERVISION: must be administered by a healthcare professional under the supervision of a physician experienced in the management of patients with haematological and renal disorders. Home infusion may be considered for patients who have tolerated infusions well in the clinic, after evaluation and recommendation by the treating physician, and must be performed by a qualified healthcare professional; there is limited safety data supporting home-based infusions and additional precautions (availability of emergency treatment of infusion reactions or anaphylaxis) are recommended. SUPPLEMENTAL DOSING WITH PLASMA INTERVENTIONS: plasmapheresis or plasma exchange — if the most recent dose was 300 mg, give a supplemental 300 mg per session; if the most recent dose was 600 mg or more, give a supplemental 600 mg per session; timing, within 60 minutes after each session. Fresh frozen plasma infusion — if the most recent dose was 300 mg or more, give a supplemental 300 mg per infusion, 60 minutes prior to each fresh frozen plasma infusion. SUPPLEMENTAL DOSING WITH IVIg: if the most recent dose was 900 mg or more, give a supplemental 600 mg per IVIg cycle as soon as possible after the cycle; if the most recent dose was 600 mg or less, give a supplemental 300 mg per IVIg cycle. TREATMENT MONITORING AND DURATION: aHUS patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of thrombotic microangiopathy; treatment is recommended to continue for the patient's lifetime unless discontinuation is clinically indicated. INFUSION PRACTICALITIES: patients should be monitored for one hour following infusion; if an adverse event occurs the infusion may be slowed or stopped at the discretion of the physician, but if slowed the total infusion time may not exceed two hours in adults and four hours in paediatric patients under 18 years. Paediatric infusions are given over 1 - 4 hours. It is not necessary to protect the diluted solution from light during administration. PAEDIATRIC (fixed weight-band doses, NOT a per-kg dose, so paedDose is left null): paediatric PNH and aHUS patients weighing 40 kg or more are treated with the adult dosing recommendations. For patients above 2 years of age weighing less than 40 kg — 30 to less than 40 kg: 600 mg weekly for the first 2 weeks, then 900 mg at week 3 and 900 mg every 2 weeks; 20 to less than 30 kg: 600 mg weekly for the first 2 weeks, then 600 mg at week 3 and 600 mg every 2 weeks; 10 to less than 20 kg: 600 mg single dose at week 1, then 300 mg at week 2 and 300 mg every 2 weeks; 5 to less than 10 kg: 300 mg single dose at week 1, then 300 mg at week 2 and 300 mg every 3 weeks. CONTRAINDICATED in babies and young children below 2 years of age. Eculizumab has not been studied in patients with PNH who weigh less than 40 kg; the posology used in paediatric PNH patients below 40 kg is identical to the weight-based aHUS recommendation. Verify all paediatric dosing against a children's formulary. ELDERLY: may be administered to patients aged 65 and over with no special precautions indicated, although experience in this population is limited. HEPATIC IMPAIRMENT: safety and efficacy have not been studied. SOURCE LIMITATION: eMC section 4.5 was NOT captured in this bundle — the interactions listed below come from section 7 of the US label (BKEMV, Amgen, label date 2026-07-02, openFDA/DailyMed) and must be checked against the UK SPC. Sections 4.4 and 4.8 were truncated at the fetch limit.

Dose adjustments

Renal

No dose adjustment is required for patients with renal impairment (section 4.2, referring to section 5.2). Note that supplemental doses ARE required with concomitant plasmapheresis, plasma exchange or fresh frozen plasma infusion, and with IVIg — see the supplemental dosing tables in the notes.

Dose auto-extracted from UK Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) via the eMC; US FDA prescribing information (openFDA / DailyMed) — cross-check; US labelling may differ from UK — not yet clinician-verified. Always confirm against the product SmPC and your local formulary before prescribing.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to eculizumab or to any of the excipients
  • Babies and young children below 2 years of age — they may not yet be diagnosed with hereditary fructose intolerance, and medicines containing sorbitol/fructose given intravenously may be life-threatening in this population
  • Must not be initiated in patients with unresolved Neisseria meningitidis infection
  • Must not be initiated in patients who are not currently vaccinated against Neisseria meningitidis, unless they receive prophylactic antibiotics until 2 weeks after vaccination

Side effects

  • Meningococcal infection — the most serious adverse reaction (listed as common); vaccination against Neisseria meningitidis is required before initiation (see contraindications)
  • Headache — the most common adverse reaction, occurring mostly in the initial phase of dosing (very common)
  • Infections (very common): pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, nasopharyngitis, urinary tract infection, oral herpes. Common: sepsis, septic shock, peritonitis, lower respiratory tract infection, fungal and viral infections, cellulitis, influenza, cystitis, sinusitis
  • Blood and lymphatic (very common): leucopenia, anaemia; common thrombocytopenia and lymphopenia; uncommon haemolysis, abnormal clotting factor, coagulopathy
  • Anaphylactic reaction and hypersensitivity (common); vascular: hypertension (common), accelerated hypertension and hypotension (uncommon)
  • NOTE: the section 4.8 table was truncated at the source-fetch limit, so this list is not the complete adverse-reaction table

Interactions

  • US label section 7.1 — plasmapheresis, plasma exchange, fresh frozen plasma infusion, or IVIg: concomitant use can reduce serum eculizumab concentrations and requires a supplemental dose (see the supplemental dosing tables in the notes)
  • US label section 7.2 — neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) blockers: concomitant use may lower systemic exposure and reduce effectiveness; closely monitor for reduced effectiveness
  • eMC section 4.5 was not captured in the source bundle and must be checked on the SPC

Clinical monograph

How it works

It binds complement protein C5, preventing its cleavage to C5a and C5b and thereby blocking formation of the terminal membrane attack complex and complement-mediated cell injury.

Prescribing in practice

  • By blocking terminal complement it markedly increases susceptibility to meningococcal disease; vaccinate against Neisseria meningitidis before starting (with antibiotic cover if treatment cannot wait) and counsel on urgent action for fever.
  • Patients should carry a safety card; the risk of meningococcal and other encapsulated-organism infection persists throughout treatment.
  • It is a high-cost biologic given by intravenous infusion and prescribed within specialist commissioned pathways.

Monitoring

Monitor for signs of infection (especially meningococcal) and haematological and renal response to treatment.

Counselling the patient

  • You must be vaccinated against meningococcus and carry your patient safety card at all times.
  • Seek emergency medical care immediately for fever, severe headache, neck stiffness or a rash.
  • Do not miss scheduled infusions, as the disease can relapse.

Evidence & guidelines

Eculizumab is the established complement-inhibiting therapy for atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome and is recommended within specialist commissioning, with mandatory meningococcal risk-mitigation reflected in MHRA guidance.

Reference: Legendre et al. NEJM 2013 (aHUS); NICE HST1 (eculizumab aHUS); SPC Soliris; Drug verified in RxNorm (NLM); confirm dosing against the manufacturer SPC (eMC). Verify against your local formulary and current prescribing references before prescribing. The structured dose values shown have been reviewed by a clinician. Monograph status: clinician-reviewed (2026-07-04).

Related

Curated clinical cross-links plus same-class fallbacks.