Haematology Calculators

Estimates the pre-test probability of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) using 4 clinical criteria. Low score safely excludes HIT; intermediate/high requires laboratory confirmation.

International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) scoring system for overt disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Requires an underlying condition known to be associated with DIC.

Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) score identifies low-risk febrile neutropenia patients suitable for oral antibiotics and potential outpatient management.

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) / WHO performance status scale describes a patient's level of functioning in terms of ability to care for themselves and daily activity. Guides treatment decisions in oncology.

Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) scale rates functional capacity on a 100-point scale in 10-point increments. Used in oncology for treatment decisions, prognosis, and clinical trial eligibility.

International Prognostic Index for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Predicts overall survival and guides treatment intensity with R-CHOP or similar regimens.

Staging system for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) based on the number and location of involved lymph node regions and extranodal sites. Guides treatment planning.

Predicts overall survival in multiple myeloma using serum β2-microglobulin and albumin. Simple and reproducible staging system used alongside cytogenetics.

Calculates absolute neutrophil count from total white cell count and differential. Used to assess infection risk in chemotherapy patients and guide clinical decisions.

Corrects the reticulocyte percentage for the degree of anaemia. The Reticulocyte Production Index (RPI) determines if the bone marrow response is adequate, distinguishing hypoproliferative from haemolytic anaemia.

Calculates the total iron deficit for IV iron replacement therapy in patients with iron deficiency anaemia, accounting for haemoglobin deficit and iron stores.

Converts between equivalent doses of corticosteroids based on their relative anti-inflammatory potency and duration of action. Essential for dose adjustment, weaning, and switching between steroids.

Calculates transferrin saturation (TSAT) from serum iron and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC). Used to diagnose iron deficiency, iron overload, and anaemia of chronic disease.

Cairo-Bishop criteria for laboratory and clinical Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS). Identifies patients needing prophylaxis or treatment.

Revised International Prognostic Scoring System for MDS. Predicts overall survival and AML transformation risk.

Revised International Staging System for Multiple Myeloma incorporating ISS stage, LDH, and high-risk cytogenetics.

Binet clinical staging for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia based on number of lymph node areas and cytopenias. Guides treatment initiation.

Clinical Index of Stable Febrile Neutropenia (CISNE) — identifies low-risk solid tumour patients with febrile neutropenia suitable for oral antibiotics and early discharge.

Staging system for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) based on clinical and haematological features. Predicts prognosis and guides treatment.

Predicts overall survival in follicular lymphoma. Based on 5 adverse factors.

Integrates genetic, biological, and clinical factors to predict outcome in CLL. Score 0–10.

Predicts overall survival in primary myelofibrosis. Can be applied at any time during the disease course.

Assesses response to platelet transfusion. CCI <5,000–7,500 at 1 hour OR <4,500 at 18–24 hours indicates platelet refractoriness.

International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) model. Predicts prognosis and guides first-line treatment selection in metastatic RCC.

Predicts non-relapse mortality after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Score 0–29.

Assesses spinal instability due to neoplastic disease. Guides spine surgery referral. Score 0–18.

WHO-based prognostic scoring system for myelodysplastic syndromes. Incorporates WHO category, karyotype, and transfusion dependence.

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center prognostic model for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (prior to targeted therapy era, still used for first-line stratification).

NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0) grading scale for anaemia. Used in clinical trials and oncology practice.

Interprets INR (International Normalised Ratio) and PT (Prothrombin Time) in clinical context: anticoagulation, liver disease, coagulopathy.

5-point scale for interpreting PET-CT scan response in lymphoma. Compares residual FDG uptake to mediastinal blood pool (MBP) and liver as reference structures.

Calculates probability of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). More complex than 4Ts; validated in post-surgical and critically ill patients. Use alongside anti-PF4 antibody testing.

Calculates total iron deficit using the Ganzoni formula and interprets iron studies to differentiate iron deficiency from other causes of anaemia.

NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0) grading for oral mucositis. Used to standardise reporting and guide management decisions in oncology patients.

Heart Failure Association-International Cardio-Oncology Society risk stratification for cardiotoxicity prior to anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Classifies patients into low, moderate, high, or very high cardiac risk.

Corrects reticulocyte count for degree of anaemia and reticulocyte maturation time. Differentiates hyperproliferative from hypoproliferative anaemia.

Predicts 2-year risk of CNS relapse in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with R-CHOP.

Refined prognostic index for DLBCL treated with R-CHOP — more discriminating than original IPI for older and younger patients.

Predicts progression-free and overall survival in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (MALT lymphoma).

Simplified MIPI score predicts overall survival in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).

Predicts survival in CML (Philadelphia chromosome-positive). Used to stratify risk before starting TKI therapy.

Predicts achievement of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) at 18 months in CML treated with imatinib.

Predicts time to first treatment (TTT) in Binet Stage A (early) chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL).

Predicts 2-year progression risk from smouldering (asymptomatic) myeloma to symptomatic multiple myeloma using the 20/2/20 model.

Identifies myeloma-defining events (MDEs) requiring treatment initiation. Any SLiM or CRAB criterion = symptomatic myeloma.

Estimates the probability of reactive haemophagocytic syndrome (rHPS / HLH) using 9 clinical and laboratory parameters.

Predicts overall survival in patients with relapsed/refractory CLL receiving salvage therapy.

Predicts probability of achieving second complete remission (CR2) and survival after first relapse of AML.

Predicts risk of VTE in cancer patients starting chemotherapy. Validated for ambulatory cancer patients.

Predicts VTE risk in medically ill hospitalised patients. The IMPROVE-DD version adds D-dimer to the original IMPROVE score.

Estimates major bleeding risk in patients on anticoagulation for VTE to guide duration of treatment.

Predicts likelihood of ADAMTS13 deficiency (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura) in patients with thrombotic microangiopathy to guide urgent plasma exchange.

Identifies sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) as an early phase of DIC. Identifies patients who may benefit from anticoagulation.

Predicts risk of PICC-associated upper extremity DVT in hospitalised patients.

Assessment of Blood Consumption (ABC) score predicts need for massive transfusion protocol (MTP) activation in trauma patients. Score ≥2 predicts MTP need.

Calculates the maximum blood loss a patient can sustain before a blood transfusion would be required, based on starting and minimum acceptable haematocrit.

Estimates total blood volume using the Nadler formula based on height, weight, and sex. Used for perioperative planning and transfusion decision-making.

Predicts overall survival in cancer patients based on C-reactive protein and albumin levels. A simple inflammatory-nutritional marker of cancer prognosis.

Modified version of GPS that only scores high CRP (>10 mg/L) with hypoalbuminaemia (<35 g/L) together as the worst prognostic category. Used widely in surgical oncology.

Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes Folliculaires (GELF) criteria identify high tumour burden in follicular lymphoma requiring treatment initiation. Any single criterion positive = high burden.

Calculates the exchange transfusion volume required to achieve a target HbS% in sickle cell disease. Used in acute chest syndrome, stroke, and priapism.

Calculates Biologically Effective Dose (BED) and Equivalent Dose in 2Gy fractions (EQD2) for radiotherapy planning. Uses linear-quadratic model.

Weight-based heparin dosing for VTE treatment. Calculates loading dose and initial infusion rate based on patient weight, per standard weight-based protocol.

Calculates absolute lymphocyte count from WBC and differential. Used in lymphopenia assessment, immunodeficiency, post-chemotherapy monitoring, and COVID-19 severity.

Standardised bleeding score to identify patients with possible bleeding disorders (von Willebrand disease, platelet function disorders). Score >3 in males and >5 in females suggests significant bleeding disorder.

Interprets serum ferritin in the context of iron deficiency, iron overload, and inflammation. Ferritin is an acute phase reactant and must be interpreted with clinical context.

Validated 11-item risk stratification tool for VTE in hospitalised medical patients. Score 4 or above = high risk; anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis recommended. Validated by Barbar et al. 2010 in 1,180 patients. Endorsed by ACCP and NICE NG89 for prophylaxis decisions in medical inpatients.

Quantifies cumulative tobacco exposure. One pack year equals 20 cigarettes per day for 1 year. Used in lung cancer risk assessment, COPD staging, and LDCT lung cancer screening eligibility. NICE DG44 recommends LDCT for adults aged 55-74 with 20 or more pack years who are current or ex-smokers.

Calculates number of cryoprecipitate pools required to raise fibrinogen to target level. Treatment of choice for acquired hypofibrinogenaemia in DIC, massive haemorrhage, obstetric haemorrhage, and liver disease. In the UK each pool contains 5 units; each unit raises plasma fibrinogen approximately 0.1 g/L per 70 kg adult.

Calculates volume and number of units of fresh frozen plasma required for coagulopathy correction. Each FFP unit in the UK is approximately 280 mL. Standard dose is 12-15 mL/kg for active bleeding with coagulopathy. Note: 4-factor PCC (Beriplex/Octaplex) is preferred over FFP for urgent warfarin reversal.

Eight-item screening tool to identify older patients with cancer (age 70 or above) who require comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) before chemotherapy. Score 14 or below indicates abnormal screen; full CGA recommended. Validated by Bellera et al. 2012 and endorsed by ESMO, SIOG, and ASCO for geriatric oncology practice.

Evidence-based nutritional screening tool for hospitalised patients. Identifies patients who may benefit from nutritional support. Validated by Kondrup et al. 2003 in 128 RCTs. Endorsed by ESPEN as the preferred in-hospital nutritional screening tool. Score 3 or above = nutritional risk; start nutritional support plan.

Five-feature clinical screening checklist for early melanoma recognition. Developed by Friedman et al. 1985. Expanded to include E (evolution). Primary care and emergency tool for urgent 2-week-wait referral decisions. Three or more features = suspicious; urgent dermatology referral indicated. Does not replace dermoscopy or biopsy.

International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) 2016 response criteria for multiple myeloma. Used to assess depth of response to therapy. Guides treatment decisions: continuation, maintenance, or intensification. Includes stringent complete response (sCR), complete response (CR), very good partial response (VGPR), partial response (PR), minimal response (MR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD).

Cancer and Aging Research Group (CARG) chemotherapy toxicity prediction tool. Predicts risk of grade 3-5 toxicity in patients aged 65 or above receiving chemotherapy. Score 0-3 = low risk (25% toxicity); 4-5 = intermediate (50%); 6 or above = high risk (70%). Validated by Hurria et al. 2011 in 500 patients across 7 cancer centres. Guides dose modification and geriatric support decisions.

Risk stratification tool for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with multiple myeloma receiving immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) based therapy. Score guides choice of VTE prophylaxis: low risk = aspirin, high risk = anticoagulation (LMWH or DOACs). Developed by Li et al. 2020. Endorsed by IMWG VTE prophylaxis guidelines.

Calculates the target CD34+ cell collection dose required for autologous or allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation. Standard autologous HSCT target: 2-5 x 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg. Optimal target: 4-5 x 10^6 CD34+/kg. Minimum for engraftment: 2 x 10^6 CD34+/kg. Allogeneic: 4-8 x 10^6 CD34+/kg depending on centre protocol.

Calculates the CD3+ T-cell dose for donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) in post-allogeneic HSCT relapse or mixed chimerism. DLI is used to induce graft-versus-leukaemia (GvL) effect. Starting dose for CML: 1 x 10^7 CD3+/kg. For AML/MDS: 1-5 x 10^7 CD3+/kg. Escalating dose protocol to minimise GvHD risk. Coordinated by transplant centre.

Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA) adapted for gastrointestinal cancers with brain metastases. Guides prognosis and treatment decisions (SRS vs WBRT vs palliative). GI-GPA score 0-4: score 0-1.0 = poor prognosis (median survival 3 months); score 3.5-4.0 = best prognosis (median survival 13.5 months). From Sperduto et al. 2012.

Validated index of 19 comorbid conditions, each weighted by their associated 10-year mortality risk. Widely used to predict long-term prognosis and adjust outcomes in clinical research across oncology, surgery, and general medicine.

Validated pre-test probability score for pulmonary embolism in the emergency department. Uses only clinical variables (no ABG required), making it highly practical. Validated in multiple international cohorts.

Predicts in-hospital and 14-day bleeding risk in medically ill hospitalised patients. Used alongside IMPROVE VTE score to guide pharmacological vs mechanical VTE prophylaxis decisions.

5-year and lifetime absolute risk of invasive breast cancer. Based on the NCI Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (BCRAT). Used to identify women who may benefit from chemoprevention (tamoxifen, raloxifene, aromatase inhibitors).

Predicts risk of severe (grade 3-4) haematological and non-haematological toxicity from chemotherapy in patients aged >= 65 years. Guides toxicity risk counselling and dose modification decisions in older cancer patients.

IMWG 2014 diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma. Clonal bone marrow plasma cells >= 10% PLUS CRAB features (hyperCalcaemia, Renal failure, Anaemia, Bone lesions) OR biomarkers defining malignancy (SLiM criteria).

Validated prognostic score predicting in-hospital mortality in adults hospitalised with COVID-19. Uses 8 readily available clinical variables at admission. Validated in multiple national and international cohorts.

Calculates the absolute neutrophil count from WBC and differential to assess neutropenia risk and infection susceptibility.

Classifies Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma into stages I–IV based on anatomical disease distribution, with A/B symptom and E/S modifiers.

International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) scoring system for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Requires an underlying condition known to cause DIC.

Predicts risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in outpatients with cancer receiving chemotherapy. Guides thromboprophylaxis decisions.

Rai staging system for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL) classifying disease into stages 0–IV based on lymphocytosis, organomegaly, and cytopenias.

Prognostic index for follicular lymphoma predicting 5-year and 10-year overall survival. Used to guide treatment decisions and patient counselling.

ISS staging system for multiple myeloma based on serum beta-2 microglobulin and albumin. Predicts overall survival. See also R-ISS for cytogenetic risk stratification.

Clinical Index of Stable Febrile Neutropenia (CISNE). Stratifies risk in clinically stable febrile neutropenic cancer patients receiving outpatient/oral therapy. Predicts serious complications.

Predicts risk of VTE in hospitalised medical patients. Score ≥4 defines high-risk patients who benefit from pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. Validated prospectively.

Sokal risk index for predicting survival in CML treated with conventional chemotherapy. Stratifies into low, intermediate, and high risk. Used less commonly now with TKI therapy but still referenced.

Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) for multiple myeloma. Incorporates standard ISS staging with high-risk cytogenetics and LDH to improve prognostic stratification.

Central Nervous System International Prognostic Index (CNS-IPI) for DLBCL. Predicts 2-year risk of CNS relapse and guides CNS prophylaxis decisions in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

HScore predicts probability of reactive haemophagocytic syndrome (HLH/MAS). Score ≥169 associated with >93% probability of HLH. Guides early immunosuppressive treatment.

Estimates total blood volume (TBV) using Nadler formula based on sex, height, and weight. Used to calculate safe maximum blood loss and red cell exchange volumes.

International Prognostic Score for Essential Thrombocythemia (IPSET) — thrombosis risk. Guides cytoreduction and aspirin decisions.

Guides red cell transfusion decisions using restrictive vs liberal threshold based on clinical context. NICE/BCSH 2015.

Diagnoses overt disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) using ISTH scoring system. Score >=5 indicates overt DIC requiring urgent management.

Updated staging for newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (D'Agostino, IMS 2022). Adds 1q+ to ISS, LDH and high-risk cytogenetics. Stratifies four risk groups (Low / Low-intermediate / Intermediate-high / High).

Risk stratification for DLBCL treated with R-CHOP (Sehn 2007). Sums 5 adverse factors. Original IPI thresholds re-grouped into 3 outcomes.

Simplified prognostic index for patients ≤60 years with aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (Shipp 1993). Three factors: stage, LDH, performance status.

Identifies low-risk solid-tumour patients with febrile neutropenia who can safely be discharged on oral antibiotics (Carmona-Bayonas 2015). Use only in haemodynamically stable patients without acute organ failure.